晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之，复前行，欲穷其林。 　　林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 　　见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝) 　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 　　南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 .
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.. highlightlang:: c


.. _concrete:

**********************
Concrete Objects Layer
**********************

The functions in this chapter are specific to certain Python object types.
Passing them an object of the wrong type is not a good idea; if you receive an
object from a Python program and you are not sure that it has the right type,
you must perform a type check first; for example, to check that an object is a
dictionary, use :c:func:`PyDict_Check`.  The chapter is structured like the
"family tree" of Python object types.

.. warning::

   While the functions described in this chapter carefully check the type of the
   objects which are passed in, many of them do not check for *NULL* being passed
   instead of a valid object.  Allowing *NULL* to be passed in can cause memory
   access violations and immediate termination of the interpreter.


.. _fundamental:

Fundamental Objects
===================

This section describes Python type objects and the singleton object ``None``.

.. toctree::

   type.rst
   none.rst


.. _numericobjects:

Numeric Objects
===============

.. index:: object: numeric

.. toctree::

   int.rst
   bool.rst
   long.rst
   float.rst
   complex.rst


.. _sequenceobjects:

Sequence Objects
================

.. index:: object: sequence

Generic operations on sequence objects were discussed in the previous chapter;
this section deals with the specific kinds of sequence objects that are
intrinsic to the Python language.

.. toctree::

   bytearray.rst
   string.rst
   unicode.rst
   buffer.rst
   tuple.rst
   list.rst


.. _mapobjects:

Mapping Objects
===============

.. index:: object: mapping

.. toctree::

   dict.rst


.. _otherobjects:

Other Objects
=============

.. toctree::

   class.rst
   function.rst
   method.rst
   file.rst
   module.rst
   iterator.rst
   descriptor.rst
   slice.rst
   weakref.rst
   capsule.rst
   cobject.rst
   cell.rst
   gen.rst
   datetime.rst
   set.rst
   code.rst

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