晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之，复前行，欲穷其林。 　　林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 　　见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝) 　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 　　南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 .
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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Chapter 6. Porting legacy applications</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><link rel="home" href="Linux-PAM_ADG.html" title="The Linux-PAM Application Developers' Guide"><link rel="up" href="Linux-PAM_ADG.html" title="The Linux-PAM Application Developers' Guide"><link rel="prev" href="adg-libpam-functions.html" title="5.1. Functions supplied"><link rel="next" href="adg-glossary.html" title="Chapter 7. Glossary of PAM related terms"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 6. Porting legacy applications</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="adg-libpam-functions.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="adg-glossary.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="adg-porting"></a>Chapter 6. Porting legacy applications</h1></div></div></div><p>
      The point of PAM is that the application is not supposed to
      have any idea how the attached authentication modules will choose
      to authenticate the user. So all they can do is provide a conversation
      function that will talk directly to the user(client) on the modules'
      behalf.
    </p><p>
      Consider the case that you plug a retinal scanner into the login
      program. In this situation the user would be prompted: "please look
      into the scanner". No username or password would be needed - all this
      information could be deduced from the scan and a database lookup. The
      point is that the retinal scanner is an ideal task for a "module".
    </p><p>
      While it is true that a pop-daemon program is designed with the POP
      protocol in mind and no-one ever considered attaching a retinal
      scanner to it, it is also the case that the "clean" PAM'ification of
      such a daemon would allow for the possibility of a scanner module
      being be attached to it. The point being that the "standard"
      pop-authentication protocol(s) [which will be needed to satisfy
      inflexible/legacy clients] would be supported by inserting an
      appropriate pam_qpopper module(s).  However, having rewritten
      <span class="command"><strong>popd</strong></span> once in this way any new protocols can be
      implemented in-situ.
    </p><p>
      One simple test of a ported application would be to insert the
      <span class="command"><strong>pam_permit</strong></span> module and see if the application
      demands you type a password...  In such a case, <span class="command"><strong>xlock</strong></span>
      would fail to lock the terminal - or would at best be a screen-saver,
      ftp would give password free access to all etc..  Neither of
      these is a very secure thing to do, but they do illustrate how
      much flexibility PAM puts in the hands of the local admin.
    </p><p>
      The key issue, in doing things correctly, is identifying what is part
      of the authentication procedure (how many passwords etc..) the
      exchange protocol (prefixes to prompts etc., numbers like 331 in the
      case of ftpd) and what is part of the service that the application
      delivers.  PAM really needs to have total control in the
      authentication "procedure", the conversation function should only
      deal with reformatting user prompts and extracting responses from raw
      input.
    </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="adg-libpam-functions.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="adg-glossary.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">5.1. Functions supplied </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Linux-PAM_ADG.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 7. Glossary of PAM related terms</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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