晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之，复前行，欲穷其林。 　　林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 　　见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝) 　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 　　南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 .
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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>4.3. Example configuration file entries</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><link rel="home" href="Linux-PAM_SAG.html" title="The Linux-PAM System Administrators' Guide"><link rel="up" href="sag-configuration.html" title="Chapter 4. The Linux-PAM configuration file"><link rel="prev" href="sag-configuration-directory.html" title="4.2. Directory based configuration"><link rel="next" href="sag-security-issues.html" title="Chapter 5. Security issues"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">4.3. Example configuration file entries</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sag-configuration-directory.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 4. The Linux-PAM configuration file</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sag-security-issues.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="sag-configuration-example"></a>4.3. Example configuration file entries</h2></div></div></div><p>
         In this section, we give some examples of entries that can
         be present in the <span class="emphasis"><em>Linux-PAM</em></span>
         configuration file. As a first attempt at configuring your
         system you could do worse than to implement these.
       </p><p>
         If a system is to be considered secure, it had better have a
         reasonably secure '<span class="emphasis"><em>other</em></span> entry.
         The following is a paranoid setting (which is not a bad place
         to start!):
       </p><pre class="programlisting">
#
# default; deny access
#
other   auth     required       pam_deny.so
other   account  required       pam_deny.so
other   password required       pam_deny.so
other   session  required       pam_deny.so
       </pre><p>
         Whilst fundamentally a secure default, this is not very
         sympathetic to a misconfigured system. For example, such
         a system is vulnerable to locking everyone out should the
         rest of the file become badly written.
       </p><p>
         The module <span class="command"><strong>pam_deny</strong></span> (documented in a
         <a class="link" href="sag-pam_deny.html" title="6.4. pam_deny - locking-out PAM module">later section</a>) is not very
         sophisticated. For example, it logs no information when it
         is invoked so unless the users of a system contact the
         administrator when failing to execute a service application,
         the administrator may go for a long while in ignorance of the
         fact that his system is misconfigured.
       </p><p>
         The addition of the following line before those in the above
         example would provide a suitable warning to the administrator.
       </p><pre class="programlisting">
#
# default; wake up! This application is not configured
#
other   auth     required       pam_warn.so
other   password required       pam_warn.so
       </pre><p>
         Having two '<span class="command"><strong>other auth</strong></span>' lines is an
         example of stacking.
       </p><p>
         On a system that uses the <code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/</code>
         configuration, the corresponding default setup would be
         achieved with the following file:
       </p><pre class="programlisting">
#
# default configuration: /etc/pam.d/other
#
auth     required       pam_warn.so
auth     required       pam_deny.so
account  required       pam_deny.so
password required       pam_warn.so
password required       pam_deny.so
session  required       pam_deny.so
       </pre><p>
         This is the only explicit example we give for an
         <code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/</code> file. In general, it
         should be clear how to transpose the remaining examples
         to this configuration scheme.
       </p><p>
         On a less sensitive computer, one on which the system
         administrator wishes to remain ignorant of much of the
         power of <span class="emphasis"><em>Linux-PAM</em></span>, the
         following selection of lines (in
         <code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/other</code>) is likely to
         mimic the historically familiar Linux setup.
       </p><pre class="programlisting">
#
# default; standard UN*X access
#
auth     required       pam_unix.so
account  required       pam_unix.so
password required       pam_unix.so
session  required       pam_unix.so
       </pre><p>
         In general this will provide a starting place for most applications.
       </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sag-configuration-directory.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="sag-configuration.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sag-security-issues.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">4.2. Directory based configuration </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Linux-PAM_SAG.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 5. Security issues</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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