晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之，复前行，欲穷其林。 　　林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 　　见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝) 　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 　　南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 .
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Current File : //usr/lib64/python2.7/whichdb.py
# !/usr/bin/env python
"""Guess which db package to use to open a db file."""

import os
import struct
import sys

try:
    import dbm
    _dbmerror = dbm.error
except ImportError:
    dbm = None
    # just some sort of valid exception which might be raised in the
    # dbm test
    _dbmerror = IOError

def whichdb(filename):
    """Guess which db package to use to open a db file.

    Return values:

    - None if the database file can't be read;
    - empty string if the file can be read but can't be recognized
    - the module name (e.g. "dbm" or "gdbm") if recognized.

    Importing the given module may still fail, and opening the
    database using that module may still fail.
    """

    # Check for dbm first -- this has a .pag and a .dir file
    try:
        f = open(filename + os.extsep + "pag", "rb")
        f.close()
        # dbm linked with gdbm on OS/2 doesn't have .dir file
        if not (dbm.library == "GNU gdbm" and sys.platform == "os2emx"):
            f = open(filename + os.extsep + "dir", "rb")
            f.close()
        return "dbm"
    except IOError:
        # some dbm emulations based on Berkeley DB generate a .db file
        # some do not, but they should be caught by the dbhash checks
        try:
            f = open(filename + os.extsep + "db", "rb")
            f.close()
            # guarantee we can actually open the file using dbm
            # kind of overkill, but since we are dealing with emulations
            # it seems like a prudent step
            if dbm is not None:
                d = dbm.open(filename)
                d.close()
                return "dbm"
        except (IOError, _dbmerror):
            pass

    # Check for dumbdbm next -- this has a .dir and a .dat file
    try:
        # First check for presence of files
        os.stat(filename + os.extsep + "dat")
        size = os.stat(filename + os.extsep + "dir").st_size
        # dumbdbm files with no keys are empty
        if size == 0:
            return "dumbdbm"
        f = open(filename + os.extsep + "dir", "rb")
        try:
            if f.read(1) in ("'", '"'):
                return "dumbdbm"
        finally:
            f.close()
    except (OSError, IOError):
        pass

    # See if the file exists, return None if not
    try:
        f = open(filename, "rb")
    except IOError:
        return None

    # Read the start of the file -- the magic number
    s16 = f.read(16)
    f.close()
    s = s16[0:4]

    # Return "" if not at least 4 bytes
    if len(s) != 4:
        return ""

    # Convert to 4-byte int in native byte order -- return "" if impossible
    try:
        (magic,) = struct.unpack("=l", s)
    except struct.error:
        return ""

    # Check for GNU dbm
    if magic in (0x13579ace, 0x13579acd, 0x13579acf):
        return "gdbm"

    # Check for old Berkeley db hash file format v2
    if magic in (0x00061561, 0x61150600):
        return "bsddb185"

    # Later versions of Berkeley db hash file have a 12-byte pad in
    # front of the file type
    try:
        (magic,) = struct.unpack("=l", s16[-4:])
    except struct.error:
        return ""

    # Check for BSD hash
    if magic in (0x00061561, 0x61150600):
        return "dbhash"

    # Unknown
    return ""

if __name__ == "__main__":
    for filename in sys.argv[1:]:
        print whichdb(filename) or "UNKNOWN", filename

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