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:mod:`SimpleHTTPServer` --- Simple HTTP request handler
=======================================================
.. module:: SimpleHTTPServer
:synopsis: This module provides a basic request handler for HTTP servers.
.. sectionauthor:: Moshe Zadka <moshez@zadka.site.co.il>
.. note::
The :mod:`SimpleHTTPServer` module has been merged into :mod:`http.server` in
Python 3. The :term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when
converting your sources to Python 3.
.. warning::
mod:`SimpleHTTServer` is not recommended for production. It only implements
basic security checks.
The :mod:`SimpleHTTPServer` module defines a single class,
:class:`SimpleHTTPRequestHandler`, which is interface-compatible with
:class:`BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler`.
The :mod:`SimpleHTTPServer` module defines the following class:
.. class:: SimpleHTTPRequestHandler(request, client_address, server)
This class serves files from the current directory and below, directly
mapping the directory structure to HTTP requests.
A lot of the work, such as parsing the request, is done by the base class
:class:`BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler`. This class implements the
:func:`do_GET` and :func:`do_HEAD` functions.
The following are defined as class-level attributes of
:class:`SimpleHTTPRequestHandler`:
.. attribute:: server_version
This will be ``"SimpleHTTP/" + __version__``, where ``__version__`` is
defined at the module level.
.. attribute:: extensions_map
A dictionary mapping suffixes into MIME types. The default is
signified by an empty string, and is considered to be
``application/octet-stream``. The mapping is used case-insensitively,
and so should contain only lower-cased keys.
The :class:`SimpleHTTPRequestHandler` class defines the following methods:
.. method:: do_HEAD()
This method serves the ``'HEAD'`` request type: it sends the headers it
would send for the equivalent ``GET`` request. See the :meth:`do_GET`
method for a more complete explanation of the possible headers.
.. method:: do_GET()
The request is mapped to a local file by interpreting the request as a
path relative to the current working directory.
If the request was mapped to a directory, the directory is checked for a
file named ``index.html`` or ``index.htm`` (in that order). If found, the
file's contents are returned; otherwise a directory listing is generated
by calling the :meth:`list_directory` method. This method uses
:func:`os.listdir` to scan the directory, and returns a ``404`` error
response if the :func:`listdir` fails.
If the request was mapped to a file, it is opened and the contents are
returned. Any :exc:`IOError` exception in opening the requested file is
mapped to a ``404``, ``'File not found'`` error. Otherwise, the content
type is guessed by calling the :meth:`guess_type` method, which in turn
uses the *extensions_map* variable.
A ``'Content-type:'`` header with the guessed content type is output,
followed by a ``'Content-Length:'`` header with the file's size and a
``'Last-Modified:'`` header with the file's modification time.
Then follows a blank line signifying the end of the headers, and then the
contents of the file are output. If the file's MIME type starts with
``text/`` the file is opened in text mode; otherwise binary mode is used.
The :func:`test` function in the :mod:`SimpleHTTPServer` module is an
example which creates a server using the :class:`SimpleHTTPRequestHandler`
as the Handler.
.. versionadded:: 2.5
The ``'Last-Modified'`` header.
The :mod:`SimpleHTTPServer` module can be used in the following manner in order
to set up a very basic web server serving files relative to the current
directory. ::
import SimpleHTTPServer
import SocketServer
PORT = 8000
Handler = SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
httpd = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)
print "serving at port", PORT
httpd.serve_forever()
The :mod:`SimpleHTTPServer` module can also be invoked directly using the
:option:`-m` switch of the interpreter with a ``port number`` argument.
Similar to the previous example, this serves the files relative to the
current directory. ::
python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8000
.. seealso::
Module :mod:`BaseHTTPServer`
Base class implementation for Web server and request handler.