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#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Humanizing functions for numbers."""
import math
import re
from fractions import Fraction
from .i18n import gettext as _
from .i18n import ngettext
from .i18n import ngettext_noop as NS_
from .i18n import pgettext as P_
from .i18n import thousands_separator
def ordinal(value, gender="male"):
"""Converts an integer to its ordinal as a string.
For example, 1 is "1st", 2 is "2nd", 3 is "3rd", etc. Works for any integer or
anything `int()` will turn into an integer. Anything other value will have nothing
done to it.
Examples:
```pycon
>>> ordinal(1)
'1st'
>>> ordinal(1002)
'1002nd'
>>> ordinal(103)
'103rd'
>>> ordinal(4)
'4th'
>>> ordinal(12)
'12th'
>>> ordinal(101)
'101st'
>>> ordinal(111)
'111th'
>>> ordinal("something else")
'something else'
>>> ordinal(None) is None
True
```
Args:
value (int, str, float): Integer to convert.
gender (str): Gender for translations. Accepts either "male" or "female".
Returns:
str: Ordinal string.
"""
try:
value = int(value)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
return value
if gender == "male":
t = (
P_("0 (male)", "th"),
P_("1 (male)", "st"),
P_("2 (male)", "nd"),
P_("3 (male)", "rd"),
P_("4 (male)", "th"),
P_("5 (male)", "th"),
P_("6 (male)", "th"),
P_("7 (male)", "th"),
P_("8 (male)", "th"),
P_("9 (male)", "th"),
)
else:
t = (
P_("0 (female)", "th"),
P_("1 (female)", "st"),
P_("2 (female)", "nd"),
P_("3 (female)", "rd"),
P_("4 (female)", "th"),
P_("5 (female)", "th"),
P_("6 (female)", "th"),
P_("7 (female)", "th"),
P_("8 (female)", "th"),
P_("9 (female)", "th"),
)
if value % 100 in (11, 12, 13): # special case
return f"{value}{t[0]}"
return f"{value}{t[value % 10]}"
def intcomma(value, ndigits=None):
"""Converts an integer to a string containing commas every three digits.
For example, 3000 becomes "3,000" and 45000 becomes "45,000". To maintain some
compatibility with Django's `intcomma`, this function also accepts floats.
Examples:
```pycon
>>> intcomma(100)
'100'
>>> intcomma("1000")
'1,000'
>>> intcomma(1_000_000)
'1,000,000'
>>> intcomma(1_234_567.25)
'1,234,567.25'
>>> intcomma(1234.5454545, 2)
'1,234.55'
>>> intcomma(14308.40, 1)
'14,308.4'
>>> intcomma(None) is None
True
```
Args:
value (int, float, str): Integer or float to convert.
ndigits (int, None): Digits of precision for rounding after the decimal point.
Returns:
str: string containing commas every three digits.
"""
sep = thousands_separator()
try:
if isinstance(value, str):
float(value.replace(sep, ""))
else:
float(value)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
return value
if ndigits:
orig = "{0:.{1}f}".format(value, ndigits)
else:
orig = str(value)
new = re.sub(r"^(-?\d+)(\d{3})", fr"\g<1>{sep}\g<2>", orig)
if orig == new:
return new
else:
return intcomma(new)
powers = [10 ** x for x in (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 100)]
human_powers = (
NS_("thousand", "thousand"),
NS_("million", "million"),
NS_("billion", "billion"),
NS_("trillion", "trillion"),
NS_("quadrillion", "quadrillion"),
NS_("quintillion", "quintillion"),
NS_("sextillion", "sextillion"),
NS_("septillion", "septillion"),
NS_("octillion", "octillion"),
NS_("nonillion", "nonillion"),
NS_("decillion", "decillion"),
NS_("googol", "googol"),
)
def intword(value, format="%.1f"):
"""Converts a large integer to a friendly text representation.
Works best for numbers over 1 million. For example, 1_000_000 becomes "1.0 million",
1200000 becomes "1.2 million" and "1_200_000_000" becomes "1.2 billion". Supports up
to decillion (33 digits) and googol (100 digits).
Examples:
```pycon
>>> intword("100")
'100'
>>> intword("12400")
'12.4 thousand'
>>> intword("1000000")
'1.0 million'
>>> intword(1_200_000_000)
'1.2 billion'
>>> intword(8100000000000000000000000000000000)
'8.1 decillion'
>>> intword(None) is None
True
>>> intword("1234000", "%0.3f")
'1.234 million'
```
Args:
value (int, float, str): Integer to convert.
format (str): To change the number of decimal or general format of the number
portion.
Returns:
str: Friendly text representation as a string, unless the value passed could not
be coaxed into an `int`.
"""
try:
value = int(value)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
return value
if value < powers[0]:
return str(value)
for ordinal, power in enumerate(powers[1:], 1):
if value < power:
chopped = value / float(powers[ordinal - 1])
if float(format % chopped) == float(10 ** 3):
chopped = value / float(powers[ordinal])
singular, plural = human_powers[ordinal]
return (
" ".join([format, ngettext(singular, plural, math.ceil(chopped))])
) % chopped
else:
singular, plural = human_powers[ordinal - 1]
return (
" ".join([format, ngettext(singular, plural, math.ceil(chopped))])
) % chopped
return str(value)
def apnumber(value):
"""Converts an integer to Associated Press style.
Examples:
```pycon
>>> apnumber(0)
'zero'
>>> apnumber(5)
'five'
>>> apnumber(10)
'10'
>>> apnumber("7")
'seven'
>>> apnumber("foo")
'foo'
>>> apnumber(None) is None
True
```
Args:
value (int, float, str): Integer to convert.
Returns:
str: For numbers 0-9, the number spelled out. Otherwise, the number. This always
returns a string unless the value was not `int`-able, unlike the Django filter.
"""
try:
value = int(value)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
return value
if not 0 <= value < 10:
return str(value)
return (
_("zero"),
_("one"),
_("two"),
_("three"),
_("four"),
_("five"),
_("six"),
_("seven"),
_("eight"),
_("nine"),
)[value]
def fractional(value):
"""Convert to fractional number.
There will be some cases where one might not want to show ugly decimal places for
floats and decimals.
This function returns a human-readable fractional number in form of fractions and
mixed fractions.
Pass in a string, or a number or a float, and this function returns:
* a string representation of a fraction
* or a whole number
* or a mixed fraction
Examples:
```pycon
>>> fractional(0.3)
'3/10'
>>> fractional(1.3)
'1 3/10'
>>> fractional(float(1/3))
'1/3'
>>> fractional(1)
'1'
>>> fractional("ten")
'ten'
>>> fractional(None) is None
True
```
Args:
value (int, float, str): Integer to convert.
Returns:
str: Fractional number as a string.
"""
try:
number = float(value)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
return value
whole_number = int(number)
frac = Fraction(number - whole_number).limit_denominator(1000)
numerator = frac._numerator
denominator = frac._denominator
if whole_number and not numerator and denominator == 1:
# this means that an integer was passed in
# (or variants of that integer like 1.0000)
return f"{whole_number:.0f}"
elif not whole_number:
return f"{numerator:.0f}/{denominator:.0f}"
else:
return f"{whole_number:.0f} {numerator:.0f}/{denominator:.0f}"
def scientific(value, precision=2):
"""Return number in string scientific notation z.wq x 10ⁿ.
Examples:
```pycon
>>> scientific(float(0.3))
'3.00 x 10⁻¹'
>>> scientific(int(500))
'5.00 x 10²'
>>> scientific(-1000)
'1.00 x 10⁻³'
>>> scientific(1000, 1)
'1.0 x 10³'
>>> scientific(1000, 3)
'1.000 x 10³'
>>> scientific("99")
'9.90 x 10¹'
>>> scientific("foo")
'foo'
>>> scientific(None) is None
True
```
Args:
value (int, float, str): Input number.
precision (int): Number of decimal for first part of the number.
Returns:
str: Number in scientific notation z.wq x 10ⁿ.
"""
exponents = {
"0": "⁰",
"1": "¹",
"2": "²",
"3": "³",
"4": "⁴",
"5": "⁵",
"6": "⁶",
"7": "⁷",
"8": "⁸",
"9": "⁹",
"+": "⁺",
"-": "⁻",
}
negative = False
try:
if "-" in str(value):
value = str(value).replace("-", "")
negative = True
if isinstance(value, str):
value = float(value)
fmt = "{:.%se}" % str(int(precision))
n = fmt.format(value)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
return value
part1, part2 = n.split("e")
if "-0" in part2:
part2 = part2.replace("-0", "-")
if "+0" in part2:
part2 = part2.replace("+0", "")
new_part2 = []
if negative:
new_part2.append(exponents["-"])
for char in part2:
new_part2.append(exponents[char])
final_str = part1 + " x 10" + "".join(new_part2)
return final_str
def clamp(value, format="{:}", floor=None, ceil=None, floor_token="<", ceil_token=">"):
"""Returns number with the specified format, clamped between floor and ceil.
If the number is larger than ceil or smaller than floor, then the respective limit
will be returned, formatted and prepended with a token specifying as such.
Examples:
```pycon
>>> clamp(123.456)
'123.456'
>>> clamp(0.0001, floor=0.01)
'<0.01'
>>> clamp(0.99, format="{:.0%}", ceil=0.99)
'99%'
>>> clamp(0.999, format="{:.0%}", ceil=0.99)
'>99%'
>>> clamp(1, format=intword, floor=1e6, floor_token="under ")
'under 1.0 million'
>>> clamp(None) is None
True
```
Args:
value (int, float): Input number.
format (str OR callable): Can either be a formatting string, or a callable
function than receives value and returns a string.
floor (int, float): Smallest value before clamping.
ceil (int, float): Largest value before clamping.
floor_token (str): If value is smaller than floor, token will be prepended
to output.
ceil_token (str): If value is larger than ceil, token will be prepended
to output.
Returns:
str: Formatted number. The output is clamped between the indicated floor and
ceil. If the number if larger than ceil or smaller than floor, the output will
be prepended with a token indicating as such.
"""
if value is None:
return None
if floor is not None and value < floor:
value = floor
token = floor_token
elif ceil is not None and value > ceil:
value = ceil
token = ceil_token
else:
token = ""
if isinstance(format, str):
return token + format.format(value)
elif callable(format):
return token + format(value)
else:
raise ValueError(
"Invalid format. Must be either a valid formatting string, or a function "
"that accepts value and returns a string."
)