晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之，复前行，欲穷其林。 　　林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 　　见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝) 　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 　　南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 .
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Current File : //lib64/python2.7/commands.py
"""Execute shell commands via os.popen() and return status, output.

Interface summary:

       import commands

       outtext = commands.getoutput(cmd)
       (exitstatus, outtext) = commands.getstatusoutput(cmd)
       outtext = commands.getstatus(file)  # returns output of "ls -ld file"

A trailing newline is removed from the output string.

Encapsulates the basic operation:

      pipe = os.popen('{ ' + cmd + '; } 2>&1', 'r')
      text = pipe.read()
      sts = pipe.close()

 [Note:  it would be nice to add functions to interpret the exit status.]
"""
from warnings import warnpy3k
warnpy3k("the commands module has been removed in Python 3.0; "
         "use the subprocess module instead", stacklevel=2)
del warnpy3k

__all__ = ["getstatusoutput","getoutput","getstatus"]

# Module 'commands'
#
# Various tools for executing commands and looking at their output and status.
#
# NB This only works (and is only relevant) for UNIX.


# Get 'ls -l' status for an object into a string
#
def getstatus(file):
    """Return output of "ls -ld <file>" in a string."""
    import warnings
    warnings.warn("commands.getstatus() is deprecated", DeprecationWarning, 2)
    return getoutput('ls -ld' + mkarg(file))


# Get the output from a shell command into a string.
# The exit status is ignored; a trailing newline is stripped.
# Assume the command will work with '{ ... ; } 2>&1' around it..
#
def getoutput(cmd):
    """Return output (stdout or stderr) of executing cmd in a shell."""
    return getstatusoutput(cmd)[1]


# Ditto but preserving the exit status.
# Returns a pair (sts, output)
#
def getstatusoutput(cmd):
    """Return (status, output) of executing cmd in a shell."""
    import os
    pipe = os.popen('{ ' + cmd + '; } 2>&1', 'r')
    text = pipe.read()
    sts = pipe.close()
    if sts is None: sts = 0
    if text[-1:] == '\n': text = text[:-1]
    return sts, text


# Make command argument from directory and pathname (prefix space, add quotes).
#
def mk2arg(head, x):
    import os
    return mkarg(os.path.join(head, x))


# Make a shell command argument from a string.
# Return a string beginning with a space followed by a shell-quoted
# version of the argument.
# Two strategies: enclose in single quotes if it contains none;
# otherwise, enclose in double quotes and prefix quotable characters
# with backslash.
#
def mkarg(x):
    if '\'' not in x:
        return ' \'' + x + '\''
    s = ' "'
    for c in x:
        if c in '\\$"`':
            s = s + '\\'
        s = s + c
    s = s + '"'
    return s

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