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# Copyright (C) 2016 Canonical Ltd.
#
# Author: Wesley Wiedenmeier <wesley.wiedenmeier@canonical.com>
#
# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
"""LXD: configure lxd with ``lxd init`` and optionally lxd-bridge"""
import logging
import os
from textwrap import dedent
from typing import List, Tuple
from cloudinit import safeyaml, subp, util
from cloudinit.cloud import Cloud
from cloudinit.config import Config
from cloudinit.config.schema import MetaSchema, get_meta_doc
from cloudinit.settings import PER_INSTANCE
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME = "lxdbr0"
MODULE_DESCRIPTION = """\
This module configures lxd with user specified options using ``lxd init``.
If lxd is not present on the system but lxd configuration is provided, then
lxd will be installed. If the selected storage backend userspace utility is
not installed, it will be installed. If network bridge configuration is
provided, then lxd-bridge will be configured accordingly.
"""
distros = ["ubuntu"]
meta: MetaSchema = {
"id": "cc_lxd",
"name": "LXD",
"title": "Configure LXD with ``lxd init`` and optionally lxd-bridge",
"description": MODULE_DESCRIPTION,
"distros": distros,
"examples": [
dedent(
"""\
# Simplest working directory backed LXD configuration
lxd:
init:
storage_backend: dir
"""
),
dedent(
"""\
# LXD init showcasing cloud-init's LXD config options
lxd:
init:
network_address: 0.0.0.0
network_port: 8443
storage_backend: zfs
storage_pool: datapool
storage_create_loop: 10
bridge:
mode: new
mtu: 1500
name: lxdbr0
ipv4_address: 10.0.8.1
ipv4_netmask: 24
ipv4_dhcp_first: 10.0.8.2
ipv4_dhcp_last: 10.0.8.3
ipv4_dhcp_leases: 250
ipv4_nat: true
ipv6_address: fd98:9e0:3744::1
ipv6_netmask: 64
ipv6_nat: true
domain: lxd
"""
),
dedent(
"""\
# For more complex non-iteractive LXD configuration of networks,
# storage_pools, profiles, projects, clusters and core config,
# `lxd:preseed` config will be passed as stdin to the command:
# lxd init --preseed
# See https://documentation.ubuntu.com/lxd/en/latest/howto/initialize/#non-interactive-configuration or
# run: lxd init --dump to see viable preseed YAML allowed.
#
# Preseed settings configuring the LXD daemon for HTTPS connections
# on 192.168.1.1 port 9999, a nested profile which allows for
# LXD nesting on containers and a limited project allowing for
# RBAC approach when defining behavior for sub projects.
lxd:
preseed: |
config:
core.https_address: 192.168.1.1:9999
networks:
- config:
ipv4.address: 10.42.42.1/24
ipv4.nat: true
ipv6.address: fd42:4242:4242:4242::1/64
ipv6.nat: true
description: ""
name: lxdbr0
type: bridge
project: default
storage_pools:
- config:
size: 5GiB
source: /var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/disks/default.img
description: ""
name: default
driver: zfs
profiles:
- config: {}
description: Default LXD profile
devices:
eth0:
name: eth0
network: lxdbr0
type: nic
root:
path: /
pool: default
type: disk
name: default
- config: {}
security.nesting: true
devices:
eth0:
name: eth0
network: lxdbr0
type: nic
root:
path: /
pool: default
type: disk
name: nested
projects:
- config:
features.images: true
features.networks: true
features.profiles: true
features.storage.volumes: true
description: Default LXD project
name: default
- config:
features.images: false
features.networks: true
features.profiles: false
features.storage.volumes: false
description: Limited Access LXD project
name: limited
""" # noqa: E501
),
],
"frequency": PER_INSTANCE,
"activate_by_schema_keys": ["lxd"],
}
__doc__ = get_meta_doc(meta)
def supplemental_schema_validation(
init_cfg: dict, bridge_cfg: dict, preseed_str: str
):
"""Validate user-provided lxd network and bridge config option values.
@raises: ValueError describing invalid values provided.
"""
errors = []
if not isinstance(init_cfg, dict):
errors.append(
f"lxd.init config must be a dictionary. found a"
f" '{type(init_cfg).__name__}'",
)
if not isinstance(bridge_cfg, dict):
errors.append(
f"lxd.bridge config must be a dictionary. found a"
f" '{type(bridge_cfg).__name__}'",
)
if not isinstance(preseed_str, str):
errors.append(
f"lxd.preseed config must be a string. found a"
f" '{type(preseed_str).__name__}'",
)
if preseed_str and (init_cfg or bridge_cfg):
incompat_cfg = ["lxd.init"] if init_cfg else []
incompat_cfg += ["lxd.bridge"] if bridge_cfg else []
errors.append(
"Unable to configure LXD. lxd.preseed config can not be provided"
f" with key(s): {', '.join(incompat_cfg)}"
)
if errors:
raise ValueError(". ".join(errors))
def handle(name: str, cfg: Config, cloud: Cloud, args: list) -> None:
# Get config
lxd_cfg = cfg.get("lxd")
if not lxd_cfg:
LOG.debug(
"Skipping module named %s, not present or disabled by cfg", name
)
return
if not isinstance(lxd_cfg, dict):
raise ValueError(
f"lxd config must be a dictionary. found a"
f" '{type(lxd_cfg).__name__}'"
)
# Grab the configuration
init_cfg = lxd_cfg.get("init", {})
preseed_str = lxd_cfg.get("preseed", "")
bridge_cfg = lxd_cfg.get("bridge", {})
supplemental_schema_validation(init_cfg, bridge_cfg, preseed_str)
if not subp.which("lxd"):
try:
subp.subp(["snap", "install", "lxd"])
except subp.ProcessExecutionError as e:
raise RuntimeError(
"Failed to install lxd from snap: %s" % e
) from e
packages = get_required_packages(init_cfg, preseed_str)
if len(packages):
try:
cloud.distro.install_packages(packages)
except subp.ProcessExecutionError as exc:
LOG.warning("failed to install packages %s: %s", packages, exc)
return
subp.subp(["lxd", "waitready", "--timeout=300"])
if preseed_str:
subp.subp(["lxd", "init", "--preseed"], data=preseed_str)
return
# Set up lxd if init config is given
if init_cfg:
# type is known, number of elements is not
# in the case of the ubuntu+lvm backend workaround
init_keys: Tuple[str, ...] = (
"network_address",
"network_port",
"storage_backend",
"storage_create_device",
"storage_create_loop",
"storage_pool",
"trust_password",
)
# Bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-kvm/+bug/1982780
kernel = util.system_info()["uname"][2]
if init_cfg["storage_backend"] == "lvm" and not os.path.exists(
f"/lib/modules/{kernel}/kernel/drivers/md/dm-thin-pool.ko"
):
LOG.warning(
"cloud-init doesn't use thinpool by default on Ubuntu due to "
"LP #1982780. This behavior will change in the future.",
)
subp.subp(
[
"lxc",
"storage",
"create",
"default",
"lvm",
"lvm.use_thinpool=false",
]
)
# Since we're manually setting use_thinpool=false
# filter it from the lxd init commands, don't configure
# storage twice
init_keys = tuple(
key for key in init_keys if key != "storage_backend"
)
cmd = ["lxd", "init", "--auto"]
for k in init_keys:
if init_cfg.get(k):
cmd.extend(
["--%s=%s" % (k.replace("_", "-"), str(init_cfg[k]))]
)
subp.subp(cmd)
# Set up lxd-bridge if bridge config is given
dconf_comm = "debconf-communicate"
if bridge_cfg:
net_name = bridge_cfg.get("name", _DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME)
if os.path.exists("/etc/default/lxd-bridge") and subp.which(
dconf_comm
):
# Bridge configured through packaging
debconf = bridge_to_debconf(bridge_cfg)
# Update debconf database
try:
LOG.debug("Setting lxd debconf via %s", dconf_comm)
data = (
"\n".join(
["set %s %s" % (k, v) for k, v in debconf.items()]
)
+ "\n"
)
subp.subp(["debconf-communicate"], data=data)
except Exception:
util.logexc(
LOG, "Failed to run '%s' for lxd with" % dconf_comm
)
# Remove the existing configuration file (forces re-generation)
util.del_file("/etc/default/lxd-bridge")
# Run reconfigure
LOG.debug("Running dpkg-reconfigure for lxd")
subp.subp(["dpkg-reconfigure", "lxd", "--frontend=noninteractive"])
else:
# Built-in LXD bridge support
cmd_create, cmd_attach = bridge_to_cmd(bridge_cfg)
maybe_cleanup_default(
net_name=net_name,
did_init=bool(init_cfg),
create=bool(cmd_create),
attach=bool(cmd_attach),
)
if cmd_create:
LOG.debug("Creating lxd bridge: %s", " ".join(cmd_create))
_lxc(cmd_create)
if cmd_attach:
LOG.debug(
"Setting up default lxd bridge: %s", " ".join(cmd_attach)
)
_lxc(cmd_attach)
elif bridge_cfg:
raise RuntimeError(
"Unable to configure lxd bridge without %s." + dconf_comm
)
def bridge_to_debconf(bridge_cfg):
debconf = {}
if bridge_cfg.get("mode") == "none":
debconf["lxd/setup-bridge"] = "false"
debconf["lxd/bridge-name"] = ""
elif bridge_cfg.get("mode") == "existing":
debconf["lxd/setup-bridge"] = "false"
debconf["lxd/use-existing-bridge"] = "true"
debconf["lxd/bridge-name"] = bridge_cfg.get("name")
elif bridge_cfg.get("mode") == "new":
debconf["lxd/setup-bridge"] = "true"
if bridge_cfg.get("name"):
debconf["lxd/bridge-name"] = bridge_cfg.get("name")
if bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_address"):
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv4"] = "true"
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv4-address"] = bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_address")
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv4-netmask"] = bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_netmask")
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv4-dhcp-first"] = bridge_cfg.get(
"ipv4_dhcp_first"
)
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv4-dhcp-last"] = bridge_cfg.get(
"ipv4_dhcp_last"
)
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv4-dhcp-leases"] = bridge_cfg.get(
"ipv4_dhcp_leases"
)
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv4-nat"] = bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_nat", "true")
if bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_address"):
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv6"] = "true"
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv6-address"] = bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_address")
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv6-netmask"] = bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_netmask")
debconf["lxd/bridge-ipv6-nat"] = bridge_cfg.get(
"ipv6_nat", "false"
)
if bridge_cfg.get("domain"):
debconf["lxd/bridge-domain"] = bridge_cfg.get("domain")
else:
raise RuntimeError('invalid bridge mode "%s"' % bridge_cfg.get("mode"))
return debconf
def bridge_to_cmd(bridge_cfg):
if bridge_cfg.get("mode") == "none":
return None, None
bridge_name = bridge_cfg.get("name", _DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME)
cmd_create = []
cmd_attach = ["network", "attach-profile", bridge_name, "default", "eth0"]
if bridge_cfg.get("mode") == "existing":
return None, cmd_attach
if bridge_cfg.get("mode") != "new":
raise RuntimeError('invalid bridge mode "%s"' % bridge_cfg.get("mode"))
cmd_create = ["network", "create", bridge_name]
if bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_address") and bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_netmask"):
cmd_create.append(
"ipv4.address=%s/%s"
% (bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_address"), bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_netmask"))
)
if bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_nat", "true") == "true":
cmd_create.append("ipv4.nat=true")
if bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_dhcp_first") and bridge_cfg.get(
"ipv4_dhcp_last"
):
dhcp_range = "%s-%s" % (
bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_dhcp_first"),
bridge_cfg.get("ipv4_dhcp_last"),
)
cmd_create.append("ipv4.dhcp.ranges=%s" % dhcp_range)
else:
cmd_create.append("ipv4.address=none")
if bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_address") and bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_netmask"):
cmd_create.append(
"ipv6.address=%s/%s"
% (bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_address"), bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_netmask"))
)
if bridge_cfg.get("ipv6_nat", "false") == "true":
cmd_create.append("ipv6.nat=true")
else:
cmd_create.append("ipv6.address=none")
if bridge_cfg.get("domain"):
cmd_create.append("dns.domain=%s" % bridge_cfg.get("domain"))
# if the default schema value is passed (-1) don't pass arguments
# to LXD. Use LXD defaults unless user manually sets a number
mtu = bridge_cfg.get("mtu", -1)
if mtu != -1:
cmd_create.append(f"bridge.mtu={mtu}")
return cmd_create, cmd_attach
def _lxc(cmd):
env = {
"LC_ALL": "C",
"HOME": os.environ.get("HOME", "/root"),
"USER": os.environ.get("USER", "root"),
}
subp.subp(["lxc"] + list(cmd) + ["--force-local"], update_env=env)
def maybe_cleanup_default(
net_name, did_init, create, attach, profile="default", nic_name="eth0"
):
"""Newer versions of lxc (3.0.1+) create a lxdbr0 network when
'lxd init --auto' is run. Older versions did not.
By removing any that lxd-init created, we simply leave the add/attach
code intact.
https://github.com/canonical/lxd/issues/4649"""
if net_name != _DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME or not did_init:
return
fail_assume_enoent = "failed. Assuming it did not exist."
succeeded = "succeeded."
if create:
msg = "Detach of lxd network '%s' from profile '%s' %s"
try:
_lxc(["network", "detach-profile", net_name, profile])
LOG.debug(msg, net_name, profile, succeeded)
except subp.ProcessExecutionError as e:
if e.exit_code != 1:
raise e
LOG.debug(msg, net_name, profile, fail_assume_enoent)
else:
msg = "Deletion of lxd network '%s' %s"
_lxc(["network", "delete", net_name])
LOG.debug(msg, net_name, succeeded)
if attach:
msg = "Removal of device '%s' from profile '%s' %s"
try:
_lxc(["profile", "device", "remove", profile, nic_name])
LOG.debug(msg, nic_name, profile, succeeded)
except subp.ProcessExecutionError as e:
if e.exit_code != 1:
raise e
LOG.debug(msg, nic_name, profile, fail_assume_enoent)
def get_required_packages(init_cfg: dict, preseed_str: str) -> List[str]:
"""identify required packages for install"""
packages = []
# binary for pool creation must be available for the requested backend:
# zfs, lvcreate, mkfs.btrfs
storage_drivers: List[str] = []
preseed_cfg: dict = {}
if "storage_backend" in init_cfg:
storage_drivers.append(init_cfg["storage_backend"])
if preseed_str and "storage_pools" in preseed_str:
# Assume correct YAML preseed format
try:
preseed_cfg = safeyaml.load(preseed_str)
except (safeyaml.YAMLError, TypeError, ValueError):
LOG.warning(
"lxd.preseed string value is not YAML. "
" Unable to determine required storage driver packages to"
" support storage_pools config."
)
for storage_pool in preseed_cfg.get("storage_pools", []):
if storage_pool.get("driver"):
storage_drivers.append(storage_pool["driver"])
if "zfs" in storage_drivers and not subp.which("zfs"):
packages.append("zfsutils-linux")
if "lvm" in storage_drivers and not subp.which("lvcreate"):
packages.append("lvm2")
if "btrfs" in storage_drivers and not subp.which("mkfs.btrfs"):
packages.append("btrfs-progs")
return packages