晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之，复前行，欲穷其林。 　　林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 　　见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝) 　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 　　南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 .
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Current File : //lib/python3.6/site-packages/cloudinit/atomic_helper.py
# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.

import json
import logging
import os
import stat
import tempfile
from base64 import b64decode, b64encode

_DEF_PERMS = 0o644
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def b64d(source):
    # Base64 decode some data, accepting bytes or unicode/str, and returning
    # str/unicode if the result is utf-8 compatible, otherwise returning bytes.
    decoded = b64decode(source)
    try:
        return decoded.decode("utf-8")
    except UnicodeDecodeError:
        return decoded


def b64e(source):
    # Base64 encode some data, accepting bytes or unicode/str, and returning
    # str/unicode if the result is utf-8 compatible, otherwise returning bytes.
    if not isinstance(source, bytes):
        source = source.encode("utf-8")
    return b64encode(source).decode("utf-8")


def write_file(
    filename, content, mode=_DEF_PERMS, omode="wb", preserve_mode=False
):
    # open filename in mode 'omode', write content, set permissions to 'mode'

    if preserve_mode:
        try:
            file_stat = os.stat(filename)
            mode = stat.S_IMODE(file_stat.st_mode)
        except OSError:
            pass

    tf = None
    try:
        tf = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
            dir=os.path.dirname(filename), delete=False, mode=omode
        )
        LOG.debug(
            "Atomically writing to file %s (via temporary file %s) - %s: [%o]"
            " %d bytes/chars",
            filename,
            tf.name,
            omode,
            mode,
            len(content),
        )
        tf.write(content)
        tf.close()
        os.chmod(tf.name, mode)
        os.rename(tf.name, filename)
    except Exception as e:
        if tf is not None:
            os.unlink(tf.name)
        raise e


def json_serialize_default(_obj):
    """Handler for types which aren't json serializable."""
    try:
        return "ci-b64:{0}".format(b64e(_obj))
    except AttributeError:
        return "Warning: redacted unserializable type {0}".format(type(_obj))


def json_dumps(data):
    """Return data in nicely formatted json."""
    return json.dumps(
        data,
        indent=1,
        sort_keys=True,
        separators=(",", ": "),
        default=json_serialize_default,
    )


def write_json(filename, data, mode=_DEF_PERMS):
    # dump json representation of data to file filename.
    return write_file(
        filename,
        json_dumps(data) + "\n",
        omode="w",
        mode=mode,
    )

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